The Concept of Work Life Balance

Question: Write an essay on the concept of work-life balance. Answer: In present competitive business environment, both work-life balance and flexible working are important contemporary agendas that can have both positive as well as negative impact on the businesses of an organization. Many organizations are trying to focus on reducing the operational cost so that it can able to gain competitive advantage in the market. Therefore, companies look minimize its payrolls, as it considered as one of the biggest factor of the organizational cost base. Most of the organizations are looking to formulate strategy to avoid redundancy within the company. This increases the interest regarding the flexibility of workforce. It also allows an employee to have more time for his/her personal life. In the situation, when an organization have to cut the number of employees, some may see it as an opportunity acquire new skill so that they can able to progress in their carrier. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the concept of work-life balance as it has different meaning for different group of people. It also depends on the hierarchical level of the organization. Since, perspective of an employee and of an employer is completely different regarding to the concept of work-life balance and flexibility in work. Many employees believe that stressful workload is a significant determinant regarding work-life balance concept. Since, increase amount of stressful work have major impact on the health and wellbeing of an employee. Therefore, it is up to the organization to handle this concept in such a way that employees can feel satisfied about their organizational responsibility. Description: Earlier, organizations face huge amount of challenges in order to acquire best talents for the company. However, over the past few years, many organizations are looking reduce its part time work, workweek so that it can able to increase the flexibility. Therefore, many organizations are reducing the number of employees so that it can able to redesign the roles and responsibilities of the employee in such a way that will help employees to maintain their work-life balance. The study highlighted that Juliet Bourke is not very comfortable with the argument of reshaped for flexibility. Since, workplace flexibility has the potential minimize overheads and boost the productivity of an employee. As Bourke, believe that flexibility only induces fewer people to give more at the workplace (Freeburg et al., 2014). Therefore, Bourke was so afraid of the kind of unintended consequences can happen due to this kind of thought process of the organization. Bourke represented her thoughts with the launch of a website, which is utilized to assist organizations in developing flexible work practices. In case of economic crisis, employers can utilize the concept of flexible working hour concept very effectively. Since, it allows employers reduce the working hours of an employee at the time the company do not need them. In addition, workforce flexibility concept allows organizations to increase the number of working hours at the time when organizations need them the most. Therefore, it provided employers lot of opportunities to manage its workforce effectively. A key factor regarding the work-life balance strategy includes comprehensive programs for employee assistance and employee flexibility and it would help to build a adaptive, diverse and high-performing workforce able to meet future and current needs of business. Leave options and voluntary flexible work can help to avoid redundancy and salaries and wages would have to be paid accordingly. However, in few organizations, whether there is a strong culture regarding work-life balance or not, redundancies are considered as inevitable. In addition, many executives have recognized the amount of benefits can occur from work-life balance strategies. It is more likely that management of any organization would like to explore different ways of work to minimize redundancies and reduce cost. Every organization knows that they need sufficient talents in order to keep on growing in the competitive market. According to Jones, Burke Westman (2013) proper work-life balance strategy can also have posi tive impact on the employee engagement, as it can help to increase the job satisfaction level of the employees. In fact, flexibility demands more efficient and effective work from the employees regardless of the position in which they are working. On the other hand, at the time of redeployment, natural attrition and flexible work practices, majority of the reduction comes, whenever the downturn is present and all the employees will have to remain agile (Stavrou Ierodiakonou, 2015). In future, when the economy can able to recover from the crisis position, the demand of talent acquisition will also increase. Furthermore, employees also have identified that they have to work harder at the time of economic downturn. However, sometimes there is significant impact on the level of engagement that is crucial to productivity and discretionary effort. Since, it is very tuff to engage a group of employees if they are resentful. According to Deepika Rani (2014) drive to get more out of the limited resources may always not have positive impact on the productivity. As a result, when organization requires high-level engagement from its employees, it can find itself working with low level of engagement. Every organization puts huge amount of focus on the increase in the sales volume as well as reducing the operating cost so that it can able to increase the profitability of the company. Therefore, an expectation arises that organization would do everything so that it can able to get the result in a given time (Hobson, 2013). This is very important factor for those MNCs that operate in different parts of the world. Since, demands employees to work on different timeframe. However, organizations have to develop its structural efficiency in such a way that will help to redesign the job roles of the employees. As opined by COLLIER (2016) skilled and talented employees are often found to be significantly more profitable and productive. Therefore, stretching them too much can actually affect the performance level of the employees. Thus, flexibility concept has changed from its original paradigm to a certain extent that is inevitable and necessary. In the present competitive environment, roles and responsibilities of every group of employees are completely different. Therefore, organizations will have to consider various factors so that it can able to fulfill the requirements. According to Richmond Rohlfing (2013) extended working hour can have major negative impact on performance level of the employees as well as on those people that are associated with employees like their families. Many studies have identified the fact that long working hours have greater complex relationship with the risk factor. Since, working hour can influenced by different factor that includes employee performance, social life abnormalities and non-work responsibilities. Long working hour also creates negative impact on the sleeplessness and time for family and personal life. Therefore, it creates fatigue, turbulence, negative attitude at workplace that leads to fall in the performance level of the employees. Goodman (2012) mentioned that this not only dampen the performance level of the organization but also have negative effect on the community. Since, negative attitude towards the work can actually increase the chance of automobile accident, unintentional errors and industrial mishap. Particularly, the employees whom work in a 24 hours shift time, extended working hour can reduce attention, alertness and concentration level (Lewis et al., 2014). Many studies have identified the fact that longer shifts have major negative impact on the quality of work of an employee. Hence, if organization keeps on extending the working hour of the employees to minimize cost and utilize flexibility concept, it actually hamper the quality of work. Therefore, it demands certain level of commitment from the management of the organization so that the motivation and the quality of work of the organization remain intact. Otherwise, the utilization of flexible working hour regarding work-life balance can have major negative impact on the business purpose of an organization (Bartlett, 2013). As a result, management of the organization will have to encourage all the employees so that they can feel motivated towards working for extended hours. Therefore, management role regarding the utilization of flexible working hour described as follows: Manager of organizations will have to set example to encourage its employees finish work within the time period. Organizations will have to provide sufficient amount of training regarding the time management technique so that the employee can able to balance their professional and personal life. Management also will have to separate all the important activities perform by the employees so that performance of every employee can be observed specifically. Management will have to develop effective horizontal as well as vertical communication system. This is crucial, as it will help employees to share their knowledge regarding an important decision of the organization. This will keep engage them at the workplace and also reduce the negative effect of the extended working hour on the work-life balances of the employees. Management also has to express their satisfaction at the time of achieving a particular target and also have to recognize the performances of the employees (Penson, 2016). Since, recognition has the potential to draw employee to work for extended hours that will minimize the negative impact of extended hours on the work-life balances. Management also has to encourage to avail their leaves during the lean season of the organization in order to minimize the stress level. Therefore, the study highlighted that if an organization wants to utilize the present level of employees for extended hours, it have to motivate all its employees by taking care of their psychological and other needs through proper recognition, incentives and wages. Since, it will create positive impact on the motivational level of the employees (Lyness Judiesch, 2014). Therefore, it will help them minimize the negative impact on the work-life balance. Hence, the performance of managers and employees need to measured and recognized properly to increase their efficiency for the betterment of the organization (Fenech, 2014). Otherwise, extended hours not only will damage the concept of flexible working hour but also will increase the dissatisfaction regarding the work-life balance of the employees. In present situation, the concept of work-life benefits have moved forward from traditional approaches of providing cars, significant amount of bonus and other perks to satisfy the psychological requirement of an employee. Since, the present competitive business environment does not allow the companies to spend extra amount, which can actually cause to face reduce share of the market (Balance, 2013). Therefore, organizations do not only look to depend only on the monetary compensation to satisfy the psychological needs of the employees as they have done in the previous decades. As economic recession force to cut off the number of employees, it had created a sense of uncertainty on the mind of the employees. Hence, it becomes extremely crucial for the companies to manage the remaining employees after the layout. Therefore, the companies will have to focus on the provided amount of benefits along with other programs such as retirement plans and insurance. Particularly, health insurance is one of the most important benefits that every modern organization trying to provide to its employees and their families so that they can able to feel more secure regarding their position in the organizational structure. As opined by Kinman McDowall (2014) organizations will have to provide significant amount of benefits so that it can able to get the best help possible help from the employees at the time of economic turnaround. Hence, it will help organizations to set its benchmark to the level where it can able to receive major benefits from the market. Increase in the amount of pressure from different competitive work environment are leading to conflicting priorities for government and employees. Since, it creating considerable amount of stress for the employees, as they have to juggle with the family and work responsibilities. In addition, financial strains in the economy have led to cut some of present policies or postponement of the policy. Since, it is often identified that change in policy in the organizational structure can have huge amount of potential negative impact on the business processes of an organization. According to Saeed Farooqi (2014), extreme workload and low level of job security can have major impact on the work-life balance of an employee. Since, in extreme work pressure an employee cannot able to manage time to spend with their families and even if they do, the mind will be still focus on the way they can able to perform their responsibility in an effective way. On the other hand, job security is a factor t hat is highly correlated with motivational level of the employees. Since, if employees can able to feel secure regarding the future of its job, they can able to manage or plan their professional and personal life in a much more effective way (Stokes Wood, 2016). It also allows the employees to form a long-term plan for them, which have the potential to create a huge amount of impact in maintaining the personal as well as the professional life of the employees. For maintaining the zeal of the employees at the workplace, employers need to implement effective steps (Darcy et al., 2012). For instance, organizations can make it clear that with the combined effort it can able to overcome the challenges that arises in the downturn. Hence, employees will have to give more than hundred percent at the workplace so that when market recovers both the party can able to achieve higher level of benefits. The organizations also have to share the knowledge to the employees regarding the kind of potential positive as well as negative impact flexible working hours can have on the work-life balance of the employees. The organizations also have to mention the importance of the employees regarding the success of the organization and cutting of the number of employees is forced on the organization by the economical downturn. Organizations also have to represent the present situation to the employees and also have to conveyed the message regarding the reasons for which organizations is looking to have extra hours of effort. As per the article by Shanafelt, Hasan Dyrbye (2016) this practices of the organizations will help them to motivate it employees and they will focus more on the organizational well-being. Hence, it will not only help According to Harper (2013) economic downturn demands organizations to utilize each and every resources to its fullest. Since, economic downturn forces the organizations to cut its operational cost to a great extent. It forces organization to impose extra pressure on the available resources. Therefore, employers will have to encourage employees to finish their work within the allocated time. Hence, it will allow organizations to work with a greater efficiency. However, employees will have to provide appropriate knowledge so that they can able to perform in this extreme work pressure environment. Organizations also will have to ensure that time and other resources must not get wasted and margin for non-judici ous will have to be prevented in an effective manner. Employees will have to ensure that every work has been performed in an excellent manner (Kinman McDowall, 2015). Every job consists of many subparts that have to be handled properly. Hence, organizations first have to educate employees regarding which part of the job is more important and which is comparatively less important. This will allow organizations to focus on the important task much more effectively. Hence, company can able to allocate its resources effectively, which will help organizations to fight with the impact of economic downturn. According to Kimura (2016) high work pressure increases the chances of grievances. Therefore, organizations will have to counter it by creating an environment in which management can share their views in an open and effective ways. This would help to develop a proper harmony in the workforce, which will increase the effectiveness of teamwork. As the per the case study, economic downturn need mutual cooperation from employers and employee, as it could leads to a sense of attachment in the mind of employees towards their company. This would lead higher commitment and better performance from the employees. Furthermore, employers should provide enough power to the employees and also give them confident to achieve stated goals (Gatrell et al., 2013). Hence, even if the economy is facing crisis, employers need to express satisfaction when the employees able to achieve desired level performance. Otherwise, employees might not show any interest to give extra effort for the well-being of the organization. As per the article by Lunau et al. (2014) organizations also have to made a conscious effort to remain unbiased so that no employees can able feel neglected, which can major negative impact on the performance level of the employees. In fact, the organization will have to make sure no unethical judgment can be made on the organizational structure. Since, effective decision-making can lead an organization to utilize all its employees to its fullest. Hence, if an employers can able to implement these methodologies, it could definitely manage to provide employees a proper work-life balance at the time of economic downturn. Conclusion: In present business environment, working hour and time is changing continuously. Therefore, employees will have to adjust according to the change in the requirement of the organizations. Since, flexible working hours allows organization to attain customers at any given period of time of a day, which not only increases the satisfaction level of the customers but also can influences the revenue level of the organizations as well. However, flexible working hour also has its specific level of disadvantage. As it create more pressure on the existing employees, management of the organization will have to provide necessary support to the employees. Otherwise, it can have immense negative impact on the organizational process. However, in presence of work-life balance, employees can perform their responsibilities in an effective way, as it creates a win-win situation for the company. Thus, companies will have to implement strategies so that it can able to maintain proper work-life balance in the economic downturn also. References: Balance, W. L. (2013). Work Life Balance.Work,1(1.5), 2-0. Bartlett, D. (2013). Work-Life Balance. InEncyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility(pp. 2721-2727). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. COLLIER, R. (2016). WorkLife Balance.The Legal Academic's Handbook, 9. Darcy, C., McCarthy, A., Hill, J., Grady, G. (2012). Worklife balance: One size fits all? An exploratory analysis of the differential effects of career stage.European Management Journal,30(2), 111-120. Deepika, M., Rani, M. M. (2014). WORK LIFE BALANCE. Fenech, M. (2014). Work-life balance within the social work profession. Freeburg, M., LaBrozzi, R., Mamberg, M., O'Connor, E., Wu, T. C. T. (2014). Work/Life Balance?. Gatrell, C. J., Burnett, S. B., Cooper, C. L., Sparrow, P. (2013). WorkLife Balance and Parenthood: A Comparative Review of Definitions, Equity and Enrichment*.International Journal of Management Reviews,15(3), 300-316. Goodman, A. (2012). Worklife balance. InPhysicians pathways to non-traditional careers and leadership opportunities(pp. 25-34). Springer New York. Harper, C. (2013).Exploring the relationship between management style and work-life balance(Doctoral dissertation, COLORADO TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY). Hobson, B. (Ed.). (2013).Worklife balance: The agency and capabilities gap. OUP Oxford. Jones, F., Burke, R. J., Westman, M. (2013).Work-life balance: A psychological perspective. Psychology Press. Kimura, D. (2016). Work and Life Balance If We Are Not Happy Both in Work and out of Work, We Cannot Provide Happiness to Others.Frontiers in pediatrics,4. Kinman, G., McDowall, A. (2014). Managing work-life balance-a workshop for practitioners. British Psychological Society. Kinman, G., McDowall, A. (2015). EAOHP Conference 2014: wellbeing and work-life balance. Lewis, S., Anderson, D., Lyonette, C., Payne, N., Wood, S. (2014). Work-life balance policies, practices and discourse in the context of public sector cuts. Infirst ESRC Seminar on Work-Life Balance in the Recession and Beyond, Middlesex University. Lunau, T., Bambra, C., Eikemo, T. A., van der Wel, K. A., Dragano, N. (2014). A balancing act? Worklife balance, health and well-being in European welfare states.The European Journal of Public Health,24(3), 422-427. Lyness, K. S., Judiesch, M. K. (2014). Gender egalitarianism and worklife balance for managers: Multisource perspectives in 36 countries.Applied Psychology,63(1), 96-129. Penson, D. F. (2016). Re: Changes in Burnout and Satisfaction with Work-Life Balance in Physicians and the General US Working Population between 2011 and 2014.The Journal of urology,5(195), 1568. Richmond, G. L., Rohlfing, C. M. (2013). Work-Life Balance. Saeed, K., Farooqi, Y. A. (2014). Examining the relationship between work life balance, job stress, and job satisfaction among university teachers (A case of University of Gujarat).International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Engineering,5(6), 9-14. Shanafelt, T. D., Hasan, O., Dyrbye, L. N. (2016, February). Changes in Burnout and Satisfaction With Work-Life Balance in Physicians and the General US Working Population Between 2011 and 2014 (vol 90, pg 1600, 2015). InMAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS(Vol. 91, No. 2, pp. 276-276). 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA: ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. Stavrou, E., Ierodiakonou, C. (2015). Entitlement to Workà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Life Balance Support: Employee/Manager Perceptual Discrepancies and Their Effect on Outcomes.Human Resource Management. Stokes, L., Wood, S. J. (2016). Employer Support For Worklife Balance In Recession: Findings For Britain From The Workplace Employment Relations Survey.

World Religion Report Hinduism Essay Example

World Religion Report Hinduism Paper Hinduism; organized religion or compilation of smaller belief systems? Some would argue that Hinduism is a combination of both of those terms and much more. What encompasses the Hindu religion? Why do people of today, even in modern America still practice a faith that some may even consider paganism? In comparison to the dominant monotheistic religion of Christianity, where does the Hindu religion rank? Although Hinduism is not the world’s leading religion, there are still large numbers of followers today. Hinduism is ranked as the number four world religion with approximately 900 million followers (Adherents. om, 2007). According to the Ontario Consultants for Religious Tolerance (2006), â€Å"Hinduism is generally regarded as the worlds oldest organized religion†. Hinduism does not have a particular founder, no Hindu orthodoxy, dogma, or even a distinct system of morality. Hinduism is actually a set of beliefs and practices that have developed gradually over time. Hin duism the beginning The traditional theory as to the genesis of Hinduism traces the root of the religion to the Indus Valley. The development of Hinduism has been influenced by numerous invasions over the years. The greatest influence is said to have been the nomadic Aryan indo European tribes invaded North India approximately 1500BCE (Ontario Consultants for Religious Tolerance, 2006). According to the Ontario Consultants for Religious Tolerance (2006), â€Å"These beliefs mingled with the more advanced, indigenous Indian native beliefs, often called the Indus valley culture†. Never the less numerous archeologist and religious historians now reject this theory, because the origin of the theory was based on the prior belief about the age of the earth and the biblical story of Noah’s Ark (Ontario Consultants for Religious Tolerance, 2006). It is believed that the book of Genesis places the creation of earth at 4,000BCE and the Noah’s flood at 2,500 BCE, which contradicts the date of the Aryan invasion (Ontario Consultants for Religious Tolerance, 2006). Despite the original and emerging theories as to the origin of the Hindu religion, Hinduism has developed into a religion of its own rites. Hinduism, monotheistic, polytheistic, or something else? Hinduism or Sanatana Dharma is a henotheistic religion; it can also be viewed as polytheistic and monotheistic. It all depends on one’s view and perspective about how the Hindus worship their god. We will write a custom essay sample on World Religion Report Hinduism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on World Religion Report Hinduism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on World Religion Report Hinduism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Hinduism recognizes a single deity and views other deities as a manifestation of that supreme god. This is a part of the central theme or fundamental of Hinduism belief in the Absolute, Supreme Reality, called Brahman and its identification with Aatman (individual soul). It is said that Brahman, which is formless, infinite, and impersonal in nature, can manifest in many forms, thus the worship of many gods/goddesses, some are even human. For the sake of making the worship more personal, the gods/goddesses had been personified and given different attributes. However, of all the deities that are worshipped by Hindu’s, the most worshipped are Shiva, Vishnu and Shakthi (Fisher, 2005). Hinduism is sometimes believed as the Trinitarian because Brahman is often seem as a triad—one god with three persons (Ontario Consultants for Religious Tolerance, 2007). The Trinitarian includes Brahman who is the creator; Vishnu is the preserver or the one who sustains, and Shiva the destroyer who can also be seen as compassionate. Hindu belief about life and death Hindus believe that all creatures go through the cycle of birth and rebirth called reincarnation. The principle of karma, which means action, and the consequences of action, follow from lifetime to lifetime, determines the status of each being’s birth. To escape from the cycle of birth, death, or rebirth (samsara) lead by karma is to achieve moksha. According to Fisher (2005), â€Å"To escape from samsara is to achieve moksha, or liberation from the limitations of space, time, and matter through realization of the immortal Absolute. Many lifetimes of upward-striving incarnations are required to reach this transcendence of earthly miseries† (p. 75). Hindu sacred and religious text There are many scripts and text in the Hindu religion; among the most sacred are the Vedas and Upanishad, which is often referred to as the foundation of the Sanatana Dharma. In Hindu Philosophy, there are six orthodox schools. They are Nyaya, Vaishseshika, Samkhya, Yoga, Purva Mimamsa, Vedanta (Fisher, 2005). Hindu ethics and religious practices Hindus organize their lives around the Four Aims of Hinduism often referred to as the â€Å"doctrine of the fourfold end of life† (Ontario Consultants for Religious Tolerance, 2006). The first is dharma, which is righteousness in their religious life. The second is Artha, which means success in their economic life. The third is Kama, which is the gratification of the senses to include sexual, sensual, and pleasure. The fourth is Moksha, which is the liberation from samsara and the ultimate goal for humanity (Ontario Consultants for Religious Tolerance, 2006). Hindus practice yoga, which is a part of meditation. Included in their daily lives is the practice of puja, which is the ceremonial act of showing reverence to a god or goddess through prayer, devotion, rituals (Padmini Light, 2007). Hinduism versus Christianity Christianity is the World’s leading religion with 2. 1 billion followers (Adherents. com, 2007). With so many followers, one would think that there is very little in common with the Hindu religion. However, there are similarities along with many differences. Hinduism has no specific founder, nor is it based on the life or teachings of anyone (Fisher, 2005). Christianity is based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ (Fisher, 2005). According to All About Religion. org (2002-2007), â€Å"Hinduism is not exclusive and accepts all religions as valid. Christianity, however, teaches that Christ is the only way to God†. Christianity has an uncompromising view towards other religions when it comes to the infallibility of the bible and Jesus Christ. According to Hindu belief, the path to god are many and in whatever way we worship him, he will respond sincerely (Jayaram, 2000-2006). The Hindu religion advocates many forms of worship. In Christianity, any form of worship that is not approved by the bible is an anathema to Christianity In Christianity, the main source of principles and morals is the bible. In Hinduism, there are many to include the Vedas, the Upanishads, the Agamas, and the Bhagavad-Gita (Jayaram, 2000-2006). Hindus organize their lives around the Four Aims of Hinduism and Christians organize their lives around the Ten Commandments. However, though different, both the Four Aims and Ten Commandments serve as a moral guide on how to live life. Hinduism and Christianity have played significant roles, one in the Eastern world and one in the Western world. Hinduism has played a significant role in East in the emergence of other religions to include Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism (Jayaram, 2000-2006). Christianity has played a significant role in the West, helping to shape Judaism and Islam. Both religions view their God in the form of a trinity. Christians believe in the Holy Trinity, which is God the father, the son and the Holy Spirit, three â€Å"persons† within the one divine being. Hindus believe in the Trinitarian, which is Brahman the creator, Vishnu the preserver, and Shiva the destroyer. Christians and Hindus have very different beliefs about life and death. Hindus believe one can have many lives, and they believe in the cycle of birth and rebirth. The only way to escape from the cycle of birth, death, or rebirth is to obtain moksha. Christians do not believe in reincarnation. Christians are taught that individuals have only one life on earth and after death, an everlasting life waits in either heaven or hell depending on how one lived one’s life. Conclusion Hinduism has been viewed as the world’s oldest religion; however, it continues to evolve. For a religion that has existed so long, its sustainability is remarkable even by today’s standards. Even in a small town of Mount Holly, New Jersey, there are still devoted followers of this old religion. This brings up the poignant reminder that religion is like a tree. From a small seed many branches are formed. However, the root remains the same. So, what is the root of religion? The root of religion is hope, and it is the collected beliefs in a higher being who addresses the human need to seek divine guidance. References Adherents. com (2007, April 19). Major Religions of the World Ranked by Number. Retrieved July 18, 2007, from http://www. adherents. com/Religions_BY_Adherents. html All About Religion. org (2002-2007). Comparison Christianity and Hinduism. Retrieved July 24, 2007, from http://www. allaboutreligion. org/comparison-christianity-and-hinduism-faq. htm Fisher, M. P. 2005). Living religions (6th ed. ). New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Inc. Jayaram, V. (2000-2006). Hinduism and Christianity. Retrieved July 26, 2007, from http://hinduwebsite. com/hinduism/h_christianity. asp Ontario Consultants for Religious Tolerance (2006, November 21). Hinduism. Retrieved July 23, 2007, from http://www. religioustolerance. org/hinduism. htm Padmini Light (2007). What is Puja. Retrieved July 26, 2007, from http://www. padminilight. com/puja/what_ispuja. htm Thakur, R. (2007). Aarti. Retrieved July 24, 2007, from htt://www. dalsabzi. com/Mantras/jagdeesh_aarti. htm

Free Essays on Evolution Of Hip-hop

When you hear the phrase â€Å"hip-hop† often music, dancing and rapping come to mind. Hip-hop is all of that and much more. Hip-hop is a culture. When you look up culture in the dictionary it is defined as â€Å"the concepts, skills, arts, instruments, etc. of a given people in a given period.† To be more specific hip-hop is a combination of graffiti, break dancing, DJing, and rapping (also known as MCing) that creates its own lifestyle and is continuously evolving. Most of these forms of art were originated in New York City. In the early 1970’s hip-hop was born on the crime-ridden streets of south Bronx. Gifted teenagers with plenty of imagination but little money began to forge a new style. Hip-hop back then was a product of pure ingenuity; extracting rhythms and melodies from existing records and mixing them up with poetry chronicling life in the â€Å"hood.† Major credit is given to Kool DJ Herc, who along with others started the hip-hop cult ure in the south Bronx. Kool DJ Herc moved from Jamaica to the west Bronx area of New York. Herc’s initial style had a lot of Jamaican style with it, but people in New York were not into reggae yet. Kool DJ Herc then changed his style by chanting over the instrumental portion of songs. From the housing projects in south Bronx hip-hop poured onto the streets and subways, taking over in Bronx clubs like Savoy Manor Ballroom, Ecstasy Garage, Club 371, The Disco Fever, and the T-Connection. From there it spread downtown to the Renaissance Ballroom, Hotel Diplomat, the Roxy, and The Fun House. It migrated to Los Angeles, where a whole West Coast hip-hop scene developed, sporting its own musical fad, its own wild style.... Free Essays on Evolution Of Hip-hop Free Essays on Evolution Of Hip-hop When you hear the phrase â€Å"hip-hop† often music, dancing and rapping come to mind. Hip-hop is all of that and much more. Hip-hop is a culture. When you look up culture in the dictionary it is defined as â€Å"the concepts, skills, arts, instruments, etc. of a given people in a given period.† To be more specific hip-hop is a combination of graffiti, break dancing, DJing, and rapping (also known as MCing) that creates its own lifestyle and is continuously evolving. Most of these forms of art were originated in New York City. In the early 1970’s hip-hop was born on the crime-ridden streets of south Bronx. Gifted teenagers with plenty of imagination but little money began to forge a new style. Hip-hop back then was a product of pure ingenuity; extracting rhythms and melodies from existing records and mixing them up with poetry chronicling life in the â€Å"hood.† Major credit is given to Kool DJ Herc, who along with others started the hip-hop cult ure in the south Bronx. Kool DJ Herc moved from Jamaica to the west Bronx area of New York. Herc’s initial style had a lot of Jamaican style with it, but people in New York were not into reggae yet. Kool DJ Herc then changed his style by chanting over the instrumental portion of songs. From the housing projects in south Bronx hip-hop poured onto the streets and subways, taking over in Bronx clubs like Savoy Manor Ballroom, Ecstasy Garage, Club 371, The Disco Fever, and the T-Connection. From there it spread downtown to the Renaissance Ballroom, Hotel Diplomat, the Roxy, and The Fun House. It migrated to Los Angeles, where a whole West Coast hip-hop scene developed, sporting its own musical fad, its own wild style....

The Destruction of Utopian Ideals (Animal Farm, by Orwell) essays

The Destruction of Utopian Ideals (Animal Farm, by Orwell) essays George Orwells book, Animal Farm, is a scathing satire on the failure of the Russian communist revolution to free the Russian people and establish an egalitarian society. The characters in this revolution are represented by a variety of animals whose society is an animal farm. The animals have some serious grievances against their tyrannical human bosses and stage a rebellion to free themselves of oppression and to create a utopian society based on the philosophy of Old Major, a boar respected among the animals. Ironically, the leaders of the rebellion, the pigs, seize power and become even more tyrannical oppressors than the original human bosses. Old Majors doctrine of Animalism, a philosophy that stresses equality and fair treatment of all animals, is distorted and ultimately destroyed by propaganda, lies, and the corruption of power. The most ruthless and power-hungry of the pigs, Napoleon, establishes a dictatorship making new policies which are in direct opposition to the original ideals of Old Major. Old Majors doctrine of Animalism is written as seven commandments by which the animals should conduct their lives. The Seven Commandments are eliminated, and in their place is put one commandment which states that, All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others (133). Napoleon is now making all of the decisions on the farm, and when the slightest disagreement is uttered from the mouth of another animal, the animal is ruthlessly punished. The power structure of Animal Farm under Napoleons dictatorship becomes a mockery of Old Majors belief of equality among the animals. Old Majors ideals of equality among the animals is distorted and destroyed by Napoleons use of intimidation and fear against the other animals. One afternoon, when Napoleon has ordered the animals to assemble in the yard, a group of animals is being forced, by means of Napoleons do...

Media Meanings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Media Meanings - Essay Example n.d.). Discourse or critical analysis is a non constructive reading and interpreting a problem or text. The goal of discourse analysis is to view the â€Å"problem† from a big stance and also to acquire an inclusive view of the â€Å"problem† and in relation to the â€Å"problem†.  Discourse analysis provides an awareness regarding the unseen motives in others and also it allows solving the actual problems, by not providing definite answers (Palmquist, n.d.). The clip of a morning talk show of GMTV, anchored by John Stapleton discussed and debated regarding the issue of Labour administration original under estimation in the number of jobs in UK that went to the expatriates’ over the last few years. Stapleton started with the issues, confusing, â€Å"The Migrant Job Fiasco† posted in the front page of â€Å"Daily Mail†. Similarly in case of The Sun 20, â€Å"Migrants Labours haven’t a Clue†. According to the sources, British people are not getting any job but about half of the jobs in the year 1997 have gone to the foreign workers. It is said that about 2.7 million jobs were created in the year 1997 and 800,000 jobs to migrants, but it was revised to 1.1millions migrant jobs and the statistics of the official was assumed to be more than 1.5 millions. According to Caroline Flint, MP and Labour Employment Minister, it was not a cover-up as about 100,000 foreign nationals came for new jobs in the year 1997, where found to be incorrect and revised the identified mistaken figures and about 1 million jobs which are upfront about. In 1.5 million, includes foreign nationals which also comprise those born and brought up abroad but are actually UK nationals. It is an important raising issue for people, and when it comes to the statistics, taking the same people of 1.5 million remains the same. Later, she also justifies by saying that the administration has the statistics by which they can estimates and introduce new schemes like

Business law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 4

Business law - Essay Example Despite the fact that most of these laws are poorly implemented and enforced, those concerned with international business cooperation and trade are relatively clear and well applied. There is also evidence showing that after the 2003 leadership succession in china, from the third generation to the fourth generation, there was a launch of a new wave of economic legislation to advance the economic reform as well as reforming and building up the legal reforms in the country. The key driving factor to the new economic laws in china is attributed to the requirements of the world trade organization (WTO). Being part of the membership of the WTO, China has an obligation to meet the rules and regulations as stipulated under the penal code of the WTO (ECOVIS 2014). The most pressing rules and regulations that each member of the WTO is obliged to implement are concerned with the governance of trade as well as those related with other economic activities. As a result, its entry into the WTO, Ch ina has since strived to implement its business law to conform to the agreement with the WTO to meet its international obligations. This essay will attempt to critically discuss how China’s accession to the WTO in 2001 has reshaped its legal environment on the business regulation. In preparing to join the WTO, china initiated the overall process of reviewing its existing laws and regulations. Slightly either before the year 2000 ended, most of the administrative measures and the state council or ministries annulled regulations. Right from the time China became the member of the WTO, it has hastened its activities of revising its current laws and regulations. according to available literature reviews, china had by the year 2002 revised 37 administrative regulations and 14 laws, annulled a total of 12 administrative regulations, changed about 1,000 departmental rules and measures, and suspended a total of 34 relevant documents. At the time being, china had to timely adopt

Introduction to Computer Application & Systems Essay Example for Free

Introduction to Computer Application Systems Essay Introduction to Computer Application Systems March 6, 2012 Dr. Xuan Yu ? Technology has gone from the days of the pony express to advancing at a rate of a mile a minute to now evolving to what seems like the speed of light or faster. With such a fast paced environment of change in technology, policies and laws must adapt to be compatible to those advancements in order to provide the best method to govern the laws and policies and protect its people. This paper will explore how technological advancements have influenced crucial changes in two essential policies: the Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA) and the Electronic Funds Transfer Act (EFTA). The Electronic Communications Privacy Act, an extension of the Federal Wiretap Statute, was endorsed in 1986 (Justice Information Sharing, 2010). This was a necessary implementation with how technology was diversifying ways to communicate and share information. In order to oversee and safeguard technological advancements such as email, cordless and cell phone communications, and electronically stored data the federal government had to amend and sometimes put into operation new policies. These policies, like the Electronic Communications Privacy Act, minimize many ethical issues that came along with the development of these advancements. As technology experimented with ideals such as wireless connection, it gave way to many unethical and at times illegal practices. Ethical issues that the Electronic Communications Privacy Act had to address included accessibility and privacy; information could be shared outside the confinement of a person’s home or business. The government needed to find a way that would control and guard how this information was access, collected and stored. Implementing the Electronic Communications Privacy Act allowed government officials to include devices outside the scope of the Federal Wiretap Statute. Eight years before the Electronic Communications Privacy Act, financial businesses latched on to this idea of transferring information which cause governmental official to step in and implement the Electronic Funds Transfer Act. This ct is intended to protect people who engage in transferring and sharing private financial information such as bank account numbers and personal information through devices such as automated teller machines (ATMs) and point-of-sale terminals